Scientists at the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in Aldermaston walked out in a pay dispute this week.
Scientists, engineers and nuclear specialists assembled outside the main gate of the weapons factory for the action, called by their union, Prospect.
AWE insisted there had been no danger to safety and security at the site during the demonstration on Tuesday.
The lunchtime strike saw workers marching around the perimeter of the base to Falcon Gate on the other side.
Prospect spokesman Graham Stewart said: “We hope that our demonstration will have been taken seriously by management.
“As we were only walking out during the lunchtime, it is really more of a protest than a strike, but workers will be leaving their posts.”
Union members held the action in protest at a two per-cent pay rise offer by AWE.
The union said that most staff will get less than two per cent and others will lose out because of increased pension contributions.
AWE is run by a consortium, controlled by Lockheed Martin, Jacobs Engineering and Serco, and is financed by the taxpayer.
Mr Stuart said: “Staff at the base are very loyal to the company and did not want to take action, but the situation we are in means there is not a lot of room to manoeuvre for staff to get their message to management.”
The union represents 1,250 workers at Aldermaston and Burghfield. Over 90 per cent are based at Aldermaston.
The action was backed by 65 per cent of staff.
Prospect negotiations officer Bob King said: “Staff are furious that so much of that money is going to the controlling consortium and its board with so little going into a reasonable pay settlement for the staff who work at AWE.”
In a statement, AWE site director Andrew Jupp said: “We believe our offer of two per cent is both equitable and fair.
“Over the last six months, both AWE and Prospect have worked hard and sought to find a resolution that is acceptable to all in the current economic climate.
“AWE must continue to make savings to enable us to safeguard the future delivery of our programme, and the interests of our employees, for the long-term.”
